Infrared Sensor (IR Sensor)

Infrared Sensor (IR Sensor)

Infrared is a light that is radiant energy that’s. Invisible to human eyes but that we can feel as heat. Electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with wavelengths Longer than those of visible light. It is an electromagnetic spectrum, people encounter infrared waves every day In 1800 BC the great British astronomer Sir. William Herschel Herschel has discovered infrared radiation is a type of invisible radiation in a spectrum Lower in. energy than red light. Infrared radiation consists of heat-inducing property

The electromagnetic spectrum can be separated into three main regions near IR, mid-IR and far IR region, for the near IR region range from 700nm-1400nm, the wave Length This technology is used in a wide range of wireless applications which includes remote controls and region for the mid IR range from 1400nm-3000nm & for the far IR region, the wavelength from range 3000nm-1mm

Working principle of IR sensor

Infrared sensors Include two parts namely the emitter & the receiver. So it’s called a ptocoupler or a photo-coupler. Here, IR LED is used as an emitter whereas the IR Photodiode is used as a receiver.
when some object is in IR range the IR wave hits the object and comes back At the same Angle.
The Photodiode next to LED detects that IR rays which got reflected from the object.
The near IR sensors are used in fiber optics & IR sensors, the mid region is used for heat sensing and the far region is used in thermal imaging.

Working of IR Sensor

Advantage of IR sensor

It provides point to point mode of communication due to line of sight.
This sensor takes Low battery consumption and provides long duration power to the sensor.
Infrared motion sensors are working correctly both day and night time
Its response time is faster than a thermocouple.
No Corrosion of oxidation can be affected the accuracy of IR
IR sensor can measure the distance to the soft object which may not be easily detected by ultrasound.
It provides good stability over time.
It delivers high repeatability.

Disadvantage of IR sensor

Prolonged exposure to infrared radiation causes a gradual but irreversible opacity of the lens
It can be damage to the eye from IR exposure including scotoma which is a loss of vision due to the damage to the retina.
Low-level IR absorption can cause symptoms such as redness of the eye swelling or hemorrhaging.
Short range and blocked by a common object.
It supports lower data rate transmission compare to wired transmission.
It can control one device at a time.

Key Application of IR sensor